TOPIC 03-COORDINATION -1
Coordination refers to the linking together of the activities of different organs, so that they work at an appropriate time and rate required by the body
During physical exercise several organs are involved, these include the heart, skeletal muscles, blood vessels and lungs. Hence for any activity to take place smoothly these organs must function in a coordinated manner.
Without coordination body activities become disordered the body may fail to function properly.
Coordination of various organs in the body requires a system which can detect changes in the environment and transfer of information to the appropriate organs so that the body can change in such a way as to ensure its survival.
Coordination is affected by nervous system and hormonal coordination. Hormonal coordination involve organs which secrete chemical substance in response to a certain change in the environment both internal and external stimuli
COORDINATION IN ANIMALS
All animals from simple unicellular organism to large multicellular need to coordinate the body activities. All animals respond to changes in their surroundings and react in an appropriate way.
Coordination in animals consists of five components.
The following figure shows the nervous coordination
STIMULUS
Refers to a factor which causes an organism to react (respond)
E.g. Changes in external or internal environment (outside or inside animal body). Example pain, smell, taste and sound
RECEPTORS
Refers to the parts of an animal which detects the changes (stimulus) e.g. tongue, nose, skin, ears and skin. Receptors are called sense organs. A receptor produces a type of message called nerve impulses, which is then transmitted from one part of the body to another.