DEMO|TOPIC 04-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS

 

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS

Definition;

Volumetric analysis, is the process of determining the amount of substance in term of volume and concentration of reacting solutions.

Concentration;

This is the amount of substance per one dm³ (litre) of solution

Units are g/dm³, mole/dm³

Types of concentration

1. Molar concentration (morality) is the amount of substance in moles per one dm³ of solution (mol dm ^-3) it is denoted by M

For example; 0.1M H₂SO₄, 2M H₂SO₄ etc

Mass concentration is the amount of substance in games per one dm³ of solution (g/dm³)

Question:

1. Define (I) concentration (ii) molarity

2. Calculate mass concentration of the following

i) 4g of NaOH in 400cm³ of solution ii) 10g of H₂SO₄ in 2dm³ iii) 2g of HCl in 4l

Solution

1. Give the meaning and SI units of molarity

2. What is the molarity of a solution containing?

i) 0.05mole in 80 cm³ ii) 0.25mole in 2dm³ iii) 0.5mole in 4l

Solution

2b). given n = 0.05mol

= 0.625mol/dm³

STANDARD VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS

The apparatus needed in volumetric analysis include

• Retort stand and clamps

• White tiles

• Burette – This is calibrated from 0 to 50 cm³ it measures volume of an acid

• Pipette – common capacity volumes are 25 cm³ or 20cm³. It measures volume of a base.

• Conical flask

• Filter funnel

• Reagent bottles

• Volumetric flask

• Wash bottle

• Measuring cylinder

• Beakers

• Watch glass

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