TOPIC 03:SUSTAINABLE USE OF FOREST RESOURCES

EXPLOITATION OF FOREST RESOURCES

Forest refers to an extensive area of land which is mostly covered by trees of different sizes and species. It is also covered by some grasses and shrubs.

Forests can be natural or man made (planted)/ Artificial forest.

Importance of forests

(i)Forests form a protective cover to the ground and hence prevent soil erosion from degrading the surface of the earth. Trees and grasses prevent movement of agents of erosion like water winds and moving ice.

(ii)Forests provide habitats for animals and birds of different varieties.

(iii)Forests contribute to the modification of the climate especially through rain formation and moisture conservation.

(iv)Forests also introduce oxygen in the environment which is produced during photosynthesis. In this process the trees clean the air by absorbing carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is the raw material used during photosynthesis.

(v)Trees are also a source of fuel energy since they are used for firewood and charcoal making.

(vi)Forests also provide raw materials for paper and pulp industries from which writing materials are produced.

(vii)They provide building material like poles and timber.

(viii)Some tree species are used for making medicine and also provide fruits as well as ornamental flowers .

(ix)Forests contribute to soil development through rotting of leaves which lead to formation of humus. Humus is very important in plant growth.

(x)Trees are used for extracting gums.

(xi)They maintain water sources like rivers, catchment areas, springs and lakes. This is due to the fact that forests support rain formation.

(xii)Forests are also used for scientific studies (research).

(xiii)Where there is a variety of trees, tourism can develop because of scenic beauty. Hence the country can gain foreign money.

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